formal language derivations
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module Logic.Language.L where
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import Logic.Language (Language(..), Seq(..))
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import Logic.Statement (Statement(..))
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import Logic.Parse
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( Parser(..)
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, ParseError
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, Input(..)
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, eof
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, expected
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, mkInput
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, parseToken
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)
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import Control.Applicative (Alternative((<|>)))
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import Data.Either (isRight)
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import Data.Maybe (fromJust, maybeToList)
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import Text.Read (readMaybe)
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-- The language L
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data AlphaL
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= Arrow
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| Tilde
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| Open
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| Close
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| Variable Integer
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deriving (Eq, Show)
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type StringL = [AlphaL]
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instance Language AlphaL where
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isWellFormed string = isRight $ eof parseL $ mkInput string
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axiom2 = [lAxiom1, lAxiom3]
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axiom3 = [lAxiom2]
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infer2 = [lRule1]
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-- (A → (B → A))
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lAxiom1 :: StringL -> StringL -> StringL
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lAxiom1 wff1 wff2 =
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[Open] ++
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wff1 ++
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[Arrow] ++
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[Open] ++ wff2 ++ [Arrow] ++ wff1 ++ [Close] ++
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[Close]
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-- ((A → (B → C)) → ((A → B) → (A → C)))
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lAxiom2 :: StringL -> StringL -> StringL -> StringL
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lAxiom2 wff1 wff2 wff3 =
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[Open] ++
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[Open] ++
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wff1 ++
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[Arrow] ++
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[Open] ++ wff2 ++ [Arrow] ++ wff3 ++ [Close] ++
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[Close] ++
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[Arrow] ++
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[Open] ++
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[Open] ++ wff1 ++ [Arrow] ++ wff2 ++ [Close] ++
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[Arrow] ++
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[Open] ++ wff1 ++ [Arrow] ++ wff3 ++ [Close] ++
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[Close] ++
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[Close]
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-- ((¬A → ¬B) → ((¬A → B) → A))
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lAxiom3 :: StringL -> StringL -> StringL
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lAxiom3 wff1 wff2 =
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[Open] ++
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[Open, Tilde] ++ wff1 ++ [Arrow, Tilde] ++ wff2 ++ [Close] ++
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[Arrow] ++
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[Open] ++
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[Open, Tilde] ++ wff1 ++ [Arrow] ++ wff2 ++ [Close] ++
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[Arrow] ++
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wff1 ++
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[Close] ++
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[Close]
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{-
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ghci> import Logic.Statement.Eval (bucket)
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ghci> import Data.Either (fromRight)
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ghci> bucket $ fromRight undefined $ eof parseL $ mkInput $ lAxiom1 [Variable 0] [Variable 1]
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Tautology
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ghci> bucket $ fromRight undefined $ eof parseL $ mkInput $ lAxiom2 [Variable 0] [Variable 1] [Variable 2]
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Tautology
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ghci> bucket $ fromRight undefined $ eof parseL $ mkInput $ lAxiom3 [Variable 0] [Variable 1]
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Tautology
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-}
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-- Modus ponens: from (A → B) and A, conclude B.
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lRule1 :: StringL -> StringL -> [StringL]
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lRule1 theorem1 theorem2 = maybeToList $ do
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s1 <- fromEither $ eof parseL $ mkInput theorem1
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s2 <- fromEither $ eof parseL $ mkInput theorem2
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case s1 of
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Implies s1a s1b
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| s2 == s1a -> Just $ fromJust $ serializeL s1b
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| otherwise -> Nothing
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_ -> Nothing
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where
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fromEither = either (const Nothing) Just
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{-
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ghci> f x = fromJust $ serializeL $ fromRight undefined $ eof stmt $ mkInput x
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ghci> lRule1 (f "(0->1)") (f "0")
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[[Variable 1]]
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ghci> lRule1 (f "((!0->2)->(!!!!!!!1->1))") (f "(!0->2)")
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[[Open,Tilde,Tilde,Tilde,Tilde,Tilde,Tilde,Tilde,Variable 1,Arrow,Variable 1,Close]]
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ghci> lRule1 (f "((!0->2)->(!!!!!!!1->1))") (f "(!0->3)")
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[]
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-}
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parseL :: Parser AlphaL Statement
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parseL = Parser variable <|> Parser tilde <|> arrow <|> fail
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where
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variable :: Input AlphaL -> Either ParseError (Statement, Input AlphaL)
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variable input@(Input pos ((Variable n):xs)) =
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Right (Atom $ show n, Input (pos + 1) xs)
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variable input = Left $ expected "statement variable" input
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tilde :: Input AlphaL -> Either ParseError (Statement, Input AlphaL)
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tilde input@(Input pos (Tilde:xs)) =
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(\(statement, rest) -> (Not statement, rest)) <$>
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runParser parseL (Input (pos + 1) xs)
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tilde input = Left $ expected "negation" input
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arrow :: Parser AlphaL Statement
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arrow = do
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parseToken [Open]
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s1 <- parseL
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parseToken [Arrow]
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s2 <- parseL
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parseToken [Close]
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return $ Implies s1 s2
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fail :: Parser AlphaL Statement
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fail = Parser $ \input -> Left $ expected "well-formed formula" input
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serializeL :: Statement -> Maybe [AlphaL]
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serializeL (Atom label) = (\x -> [x]) <$> Variable <$> readMaybe label
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serializeL (Not s) = (Tilde:) <$> serializeL s
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serializeL (Implies s1 s2) = do
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l1 <- serializeL s1
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l2 <- serializeL s2
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return $ [Open] ++ l1 ++ [Arrow] ++ l2 ++ [Close]
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